Most people in the UK are neurotypical, meaning their brains process information in the way society generally expects. However, around 1 in 7 people (over 15% of the population) are neurodivergent. Neurodiversity refers to the natural variation in the way brain’s function, learn and interpret the world. This can shape how individuals experience light, sound, social interaction, problem-solving and more.
Yet, despite their unique strengths, neurodivergent people face barriers to employment. Only 31% of people with a neurodiverse condition are in work, compared with 54.7% of disabled people overall. The design of many workplaces contributes to this disparity, often unintentionally excluding neurodivergent employees. Environments that are overstimulating or poorly adapted can increase stress, reduce wellbeing and lead to absenteeism or even withdrawal from the workforce.
The Built Environment and Neurodiversity
The PAS 6463:2022 Design for the Mind – Neurodiversity and the Built Environment notes that many people find aspects of their surroundings uncomfortable, distressing, or even prohibitive. For neurodivergent employees, everyday challenges can include filtering noise, coping with harsh lighting, resisting distractions, or managing internal restlessness.
Without thoughtful design, these conditions can increase cognitive load and result in anxiety, fatigue, or poor mental health. But with awareness and adjustments, workplaces can be transformed into inclusive spaces that support wellbeing and unlock potential.
The Case for Sensory Inclusive Environments
Designing for sensory inclusion offers wide ranging benefits, not only for neurodivergent people but for all employees and organisations. Advantages include:
- Attracting and retaining both staff and customers
- Reducing absence linked to mental ill-health
- Improving wayfinding, focus, and learning
- Enhancing creativity, productivity and collaboration
- Supporting recovery and stress reduction
- Creating enjoyable spaces where people feel safe, empowered and in control
Biophilic Design: A Positive Approach
One powerful way to achieve this is through biophilic design designing environments that connect people with nature. This approach reduces sensory overload, improves wellbeing, and helps employees feel more grounded and resilient.
Biophilic design is structured around 15 core patterns, grouped into three categories:
Nature in the Space
- Visual connection with nature
- Non-visual sensory connections (sound, scent, touch)
- Non-rhythmic sensory stimuli (e.g., movement of leaves, birdsong)
- Thermal and airflow variability
- Presence of water
- Dynamic and diffuse light
- Connection with natural systems and seasonal change
Natural Analogues
- Biomorphic forms and patterns
- Use of natural materials and textures
- Complexity and order that mimic nature’s hierarchy
Nature of the Space
- Prospect – open views
- Refuge – sheltered areas for retreat
- Mystery – partially hidden elements inviting exploration
- Risk/Peril – safe, controlled elements of excitement
- Awe – moments that inspire wonder and new perspectives
Creating Inclusive and Beautiful Workplaces
At Biophilic Innovations, our mission is to design spaces that are not only beautiful but also deeply supportive of wellbeing. By embedding biophilic design principles, workplaces can:
- Reduce sensory and cognitive overload
- Provide flexibility, choice and control for diverse needs
- Offer recovery and respite spaces for the whole workforce
When workplaces embrace these principles, they move beyond compliance to create environments where everyone neurodivergent and neurotypical alike can thrive.